Python modules vs classes -


i have following directory structure:

ican/   __init__.py   haz/     __init__.py     apple.py     grape/       __init.py       grape.py

where apple.py , grape.py have fruit class definitions. in test file, trying load fruit class via akin myapple = ican.haz.apple() or mygrape = ican.haz.grape().

what correct directory structure , import structure loading class of sort? have tried import ican.haz icanhaz , calling myapple = icanhaz.apple(). looking put of classes in same spot , load them via ican.haz.<class>.

to uniform, either

a) apple.py should 1 level lower in apple folder init, or

b) grape.py should 1 level higher , not in own grape folder.

then import from ican.haz.apple import apple , from ican.haz.grape import grape (for option a); or from ican.haz import apple, grape (for option b).

to structure want, go option b , modify init under haz.

haz/__init__.py:

from .apple import apple .grape import grape  __all__ = ['apple', 'grape']

and import import ican.haz.* (considered bad style though). , ~mangling module vs class name~ (not more since class names corrected). better use 1 of lines below option or b.

btw, imports according current structure need be:

from ican.haz import apple ican.haz.grape import grape  = apple.apple() g = grape()

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

cakephp - simple blog with croogo -

i not problem, made simple blog in croogo, problem is not adding or modifying or delete, because arabic language ?? function add in controller `public function admin_add() { $this->set('title_for_layout', __('add part')); if (!empty($this->request->data)) { $this->part->create(); if ($this->part->save($this->request->data)) { $this->session->setflash(__('the part has been saved'), 'default', array('class' => 'success')); $this->redirect(array('action' => 'index'));//, $this->part->id)); } else { $this->session->setflash(__('the part not saved. please, try again.'), 'default', array('class' => 'error')); } } }` => model `class part extends appmodel { public $name = 'part'; var $belongst...
Read more

How to group boxplot outliers in gnuplot -

i have large set of data points. try plot them boxplot, of outliers exact same value , represented on line beside each other. found how set horizontal distance between outliers in gnuplot boxplot , doesn't much, apparently not possible. is possible group outliers together, print 1 point , print number in brackets beside indicate how many points there are? think make more readable in graph. for information, have 3 boxplots 1 x value , times 6 in 1 graph. using gnuplot 5 , played around pointsize, doesn't reduce distance anymore. hope can help! edit: set terminal pdf set output 'dat.pdf' file0 = 'dat1.dat' file1 = 'dat2.dat' file2 = 'dat3.dat' set pointsize 0.2 set notitle set xlabel 'x' set ylabel 'y' header = system('head -1 '.file0); n = words(header) set xtics ('' 1) set [i=1:n] xtics add (word(header, i) i) set style data boxplot plot file0 using (1-0.25):1:(0.2) boxplot lw 2 lc rgb '#8b0000...
Read more

bash - Performing variable substitution in a string -

i have string contains use of variable, , i'd substitute variable's value string. right best have is #!/bin/bash foo='$name; echo bar' name="the name" expanded="$(eval echo "$foo")" echo "$expanded" which has obvious defects: prints the name bar while i'd print the name; echo bar instead of eval can bash's regex matching bash's string replacement: foo='$name; echo bar' name="the name" [[ "$foo" =~ \$([[:alnum:]]+) ]] && s="${!bash_rematch[1]}" && expanded="${foo/\$${bash_rematch[1]}/$s}" echo "$expanded" name; echo bar
Read more